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About a rutile epitaxy on hematite in quartz
  
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Roger Warin




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PostPosted: Jul 28, 2021 21:23    Post subject: About a rutile epitaxy on hematite in quartz  

Hello,
I remain fascinated by the interpretations of twins and epitaxies, although I am only an amateur.
I also like quartz.
Silica SiO2 is the superior homolog of CO2. What a difference !

One of the most spectacular epitaxies comes from Brazil (Bahia) offering a design of rays of the Sun around a black center: acicular rutile radiating from a black center of tabular hematite.
I took an old specimen from Novo Horizonte, Bahia, Brazil (1980 < 300 BEF or ~ 7 USD) – Intermineral Liege.
A single quartz crystal coated all these rutile-hematite assemblages.

First of all, we perceive the {10.1} plane of quartz. It is the plan of a bad cleavage. Quartz has the structure of a tectosilicate. The tetrahedra (SiO4) are linked in 3 dimensions. The number of bonds per unit area indicates that there is a minimum cohesion across r and z planes, in comparison with the other planes m, c and a planes.

I wanted to photograph the end of an acicular rutile crystal. This is why I chose this specimen where the rutile crystal is immersed in the quartz crystal.
It is also noted that the rutile phase is well compatible with that of quartz.
We do not perceive any defect surrounding the rutile which seems to float in the air.



Ruti-quartz-BahiaDSC_6308-b_R.jpg
 Mineral: Rutile in quartz
 Locality:
Novo Horizonte, Bahia, Northeast Region, Brazil
 Description:
 Viewed:  4736 Time(s)

Ruti-quartz-BahiaDSC_6308-b_R.jpg



Epi_Hema_Ruri#02-Aw1&2_R.jpg
 Mineral: Rutile
 Locality:
Novo Horizonte, Bahia, Northeast Region, Brazil
 Description:
Epitaxial rutile on hematite
 Viewed:  4732 Time(s)

Epi_Hema_Ruri#02-Aw1&2_R.jpg



Rutile in Quartz#2_R.jpg
 Mineral: Rutile in quartz
 Locality:
Novo Horizonte, Bahia, Northeast Region, Brazil
 Description:
 Viewed:  4731 Time(s)

Rutile in Quartz#2_R.jpg


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Roger Warin




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PostPosted: Jul 28, 2021 21:29    Post subject: Re: About a rutile epitaxy on hematite in quartz  

Hello,
In the last photo, it can be believed that a rutile crystal induced a conchoidal fracture in the quartz crystal.
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alfredo
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PostPosted: Jul 29, 2021 21:35    Post subject: Re: About a rutile epitaxy on hematite in quartz  

Roger, I often saw such fractures in heavily included quartz crystals, and I wondered whether they could perhaps be caused by strain due to differential thermal expansion between the quartz and the rutile, pyrite or other included species? Just a guess...
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Roger Warin




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PostPosted: Jul 30, 2021 14:51    Post subject: Re: About a rutile epitaxy on hematite in quartz  

Alfredo,
Yes, you are right.
These fractures are quite frequent, even in pure quartz, without (visible) inclusion. They result from thermal shocks but above all from high pressures, but these conditions are often linked together.
Pyrite must be a more intolerable foreign body than TiO2, because of the sulfur. And as you say, it be caused by strain due to differential thermal expansion of FeS2.

Ionic ionic radius :
Rutile: TiO2 versus SiO2.
Si = 50 pm; Ti = 61 pm. And above all, the same O2- anions.
Pyrite: FeS2
S2- = 184 pm.
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