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James Catmur
Site Admin
Joined: 14 Sep 2006
Posts: 896
Location: Cambridge
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 Posted: Oct 17, 2021 04:39 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection |
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Silvia
I hope you have a copy on the Bocamina magazine (en español) on the mines. If not PM me as I may have a spare copy
James
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Firmo Espinar
Joined: 05 Apr 2017
Posts: 598
Location: Medellín, Colombia.
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| Posted: Oct 17, 2021 10:26 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection |
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Hi Silvia.
Welcome to FMF.
Nice first ferberite.
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 17, 2021 15:03 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection |
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| James Catmur wrote: | Silvia
I hope you have a copy on the Bocamina magazine (en español) on the mines. If not PM me as I may have a spare copy
James |
We do have a copy of the publication. The earliest article we have on Panasqueira is 1925. We are trying to find any persons related to the Mine Managers of the early 1900's. It is amazing what some people have lurking inside dusty boxes in the basement or attic of their homes.
We have also read the wonderful articles published in MinRec and Lapis about the minerals from the Panasqueira mine.Lots of Fluoroapatite pictures :)
The diversity of minerals within the Panasqueira ore body makes it a fabulous site to study, and of course there is a lot of social history too.We are proud to have many of the main collector quality minerals from the site, and we are adding more to our collection.
I have attached as a jpeg a summary of the minerals we have obtained from the Panasqueira ore body, and it is based on a table published in a 1963 publication by Beralt Tin and Wolfram Ltd entitled, Couto Mineiro Da Panasqueira, Treatment of Ore, May 1963.
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 17, 2021 15:05 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection |
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| Firmo Espinar wrote: | Hi Silvia.
Welcome to FMF.
Nice first ferberite. |
Thank you. We have three more to post. I hope you will enjoy the upcoming photos.
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 17, 2021 18:44 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Quartz |
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The specimen contains many gem colourless crystals of Quartz, the most prominent crystal is 9 cm long. Bright lustrous crystals of Arsenopyrite to 3 cm are also present as well as 'spherical' crystals of an unknown mineral, perhaps chlorite (?).
| Mineral: | Quartz, Arsenopyrite and Chlorite (Group) |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal |  |
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| Dimensions: | 22 cm x 16 cm x 9 cm |
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3116 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Quartz, Chlorite (Group) |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 22 cm x 16 cm x 9 cm |
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3127 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Quartz, Arsenopyrite and Chlorite (Group) |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 22 cm x 16 cm x 9 cm |
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| Panasqueira Quartz - Arsenopyrite |
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3119 Time(s) |
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Tobi
Site Admin
Joined: 07 Apr 2009
Posts: 3717
Location: Good Old Germany
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| Posted: Oct 18, 2021 02:41 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Quartz |
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| silvia wrote: | The specimen contains many gem colourless crystals of Quartz, the most prominent crystal is 9 cm long. Bright lustrous crystals of Arsenopyrite to 3 cm are also present as well as 'spherical' crystals of an unknown mineral, perhaps chlorite (?).
Mineral: Quartz, Arsenopyrite
Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal
22 cm x 16 cm x 9 cm |
What a gorgeous Panasqueira specimen! Very impressive size and great aesthetics with that paragenesis. A true museum piece, wow!
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Jordi Fabre
Overall coordinator of the Forum
Joined: 07 Aug 2006
Posts: 4733
Location: Barcelona
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| Posted: Oct 18, 2021 08:42 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Quartz |
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| silvia wrote: | | The specimen contains many gem colorless crystals of Quartz, the most prominent crystal is 9 cm long. Bright lustrous crystals of Arsenopyrite to 3 cm are also present as well as 'spherical' crystals of an unknown mineral, perhaps chlorite (?). |
Bravo, this is wasn't easy, and yes, it is Chlorite (probably Clinochlore but impossible to be sure without analysis, so, Chlorite Group
BTW, you can add the Chlorite (Group) to your 'Panasqueira Collector Minerals' list, because some times it appears as fine specimens. Also, the elusive Panasqueiraite which very rarely appear as a collector piece, but although very rare is not impossible. This is not the case of the Thadeuite which is mostly intergrowth with the Panasqueiraite.
Be careful with the common triplite, which is frequently named as Panasqueiraite by mistake or by lack of a proper analysis.
Highly recommended too is the article "The Panasqueira mines, Castelo Branco district, Portugal" published by the magazine Mineralogical Record, January-February 2014, Volume 45, Number 1, pages 11-55, because is even more extended than the Bocamina and Lapis ones.
See: https://www.mineral-forum.com/message-board/viewtopic.php?p=42665#42665
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 18, 2021 14:47 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Quartz |
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| Tobi wrote: | | silvia wrote: | The specimen contains many gem colourless crystals of Quartz, the most prominent crystal is 9 cm long. Bright lustrous crystals of Arsenopyrite to 3 cm are also present as well as 'spherical' crystals of an unknown mineral, perhaps chlorite (?).
Mineral: Quartz, Arsenopyrite
Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal
22 cm x 16 cm x 9 cm |
What a gorgeous Panasqueira specimen! Very impressive size and great aesthetics with that paragenesis. A true museum piece, wow! |
Thank you Tobi, my partner and I appreciate your support. It is not the largest specimen from Panasqueira in our collection. We have a large Arsenopyrite with Sphalerite and minor Muscovite and Siderite.
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Tobi
Site Admin
Joined: 07 Apr 2009
Posts: 3717
Location: Good Old Germany
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| Posted: Oct 19, 2021 01:16 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Quartz |
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| silvia wrote: | | [...] Thank you Tobi, my partner and I appreciate your support. It is not the largest specimen from Panasqueira in our collection. We have a large Arsenopyrite with Sphalerite and minor Muscovite and Siderite. |
I hope I'm going to see all of those great pieces :-)
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 19, 2021 15:23 Post subject: Silvia's Collection - Panasqueira Arsenopyrite |
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The specimen comprises many lustrous crystals of Arsenopyrite to 4 cm with crystals of Sphalerite to 3 cm. Crystals of Siderite and Muscovite are also present
| Mineral: | Arsenopyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 23 cm x 16 cm x 8cm |
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2822 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Arsenopyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 23 cm x 16 cm x 8cm |
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2821 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Arsenopyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 23 cm x 16 cm x 8cm |
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2821 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Arsenopyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 23 cm x 16 cm x 8 cm |
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2822 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Arsenopyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 23 cm x 16 cm x 8cm |
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2822 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Arsenopyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 23 cm x 16 cm x 8cm |
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| Detail of Muscovite and Arsenopyrite |
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2822 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Arsenopyrite, Sphalerite, Siderite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 23 cm x 16 cm x 8cm |
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| Detail of Arsenopyrite, Muscovite and Siderite |
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2822 Time(s) |
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 21, 2021 14:22 Post subject: Silvia's Collection - A very brief Introduction to mining at Panasqueira |
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A VERY BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO MINING AT PANASQUEIRA
Mechanized room and pillar stoping is the principle mining method used at Panasqueira. It is made possible by the sub-horizontal nature of the Quartz veins and the very structurally sound nature of the host rock. Underground supports are seldom needed, but when argillaceous faults are encountered, concrete reinforcement is used, with arches either side of such faults in the main drives. When large opening are needed, rock bolts, screen and shotcrete provide the necessary support.
Stoping begins with ramps being driven to access the mineralized veins, in those areas where diamond drilling has indicated quartz intersections equal to or above 18 cm.
When a vein is accessed, it is blocked out on a basic 100m by 100m pattern. Ore passes of 1.8 metre diameter are generally bored near the drive/panel intersections. Ore can then be dropped down to the main haulage levels. Chutes are installed in the bottom of the ore-passes to facilitate the loading of the wagons.
Blast holes are drilled 2.4 metres in length and are 43mm in diameter.
There are four main levels in the mine, and all levels are connected by ramps. Level 530mRL (metres above sea level) is the main water drainage level of the mine. It lies between level 2 (560mRL) and Level 3 (470 mRL).
Below level 2 (560mRL) is the crusher. Ore above level 2 (560 mRL) is fed from ore passes (bins) into 4 Ton self-tipping rail cars and hauled by electric and diesel trolley locomotives to the ore chute on level 2 (560 mRL). The level 2 (560 mRL) ore chute feeds the underground crusher.
Ore from below Level 2 is trammed on Level 3 to the winze where the rail cars are individually hoisted to Level 2. From this shaft the cars are trammed to where they self-dump into the crusher ore chute. The underground crusher feeds ore to a conveyor belt in the Santa Barbara hoisting ramp.
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| Ore Chute to Underground Crusher |
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| Trucks dumping Ore into Ore Chute |
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| Ore Chute to Underground Crusher another view |
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| Another Ore Chute to load trucks |
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| Ore Bin, note the circular hole - a product of the Bore Raiser used in the mine |
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| Crusher feeding conveyor belt |
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| Many fine specimens crushed to feed extraction facilities on the surface. |
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 23, 2021 15:08 Post subject: Silvia's Collection - Classic Portugese Ferberite |
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A classic Portuguese Ferberite with large lustrous bladed and blocky crystals of Ferberite measuring to 9 cm x 8 cm x 2 cm in size forming an aesthetic cluster with Chalcopyrite, minor Pyrite, and Muscovite.
| Mineral: | Ferberite, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 14 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm |
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2608 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Ferberite, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 14 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm |
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2606 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Ferberite, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 14 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm |
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2605 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Ferberite, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 14 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2607 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Ferberite, Chalcopyrite, Pyrite, Muscovite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 14 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm |
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2609 Time(s) |
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 24, 2021 20:05 Post subject: Silvia's Collection - Huge Siderite |
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Large disc-shaped crystal of Siderite 14 cm in size set on a matrix of crystallized Siderite with Pyrite and Arsenopyrite.
| Mineral: | Siderite, Arsenopyrite, Pyrite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 15 cm x 15 cm x 7 cm |
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| Large disk of Siderite - Front View |
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2517 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Siderite, Arsenopyrite, Pyrite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 15 cm x 15 cm x 7 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2514 Time(s) |
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Tobi
Site Admin
Joined: 07 Apr 2009
Posts: 3717
Location: Good Old Germany
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| Posted: Oct 25, 2021 01:34 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection |
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| Outstanding specimens, Silvia! That large ferberite is a stunner!
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 25, 2021 14:41 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection |
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| Tobi wrote: | | Outstanding specimens, Silvia! That large ferberite is a stunner! |
Thank you Tobi.
We have worked very hard to acquire some very nice Ferberite specimens from Panasqueira. Panasqueira does produce copper and tin concentrates for export, but Tungsten is the most important metal at the mine. In fact without Tungsten there would be no Panasqueira.
By the way we have been promised some representative samples (ca. 250 gram each) of all the concentrates from Panasqueira – tin, copper, tungsten – and when properly exhibited these should also add a lot of depth to our collection.
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 25, 2021 17:59 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Schorl/Dravite Panasqueira |
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Glassy green tabular Fluorapatite crystals to 2 cm in size on a base of fine needle like crystals of Schorl-Dravite (confirmed) and crystals of brassy Marcasite-Arsenopyrite to 1 cm. Quartz is also present. The rear of the specimen contains microcrystals of Dolomite. The Fluorapatite crystals display bright orange fluorescence in the presence of UVA light.
| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series, Marcasite/Arsenopyrite, Quartz, Dolomite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2392 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2392 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series, Dolomite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2395 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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2394 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2392 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2394 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series, Marcasite/Arsenopyrite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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2394 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorapatite, Dravite-Schorl Series |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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| Viewed: |
2393 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Dolomite, Dravite-Schorl Series |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 11 cm x 7 cm x 3 cm |
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2393 Time(s) |
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am mizunaka
Joined: 09 Apr 2010
Posts: 1588
Location: California
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| Posted: Oct 25, 2021 20:10 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Schorl/Dravite Panasqueira |
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| silvia wrote: | | Glassy green tabular Fluorapatite crystals to 2 cm in size on a base of fine needle like crystals of Schorl-Dravite (confirmed) and crystals of brassy Marcasite-Arsenopyrite to 1 cm. Quartz is also present. The rear of the specimen contains microcrystals of Dolomite. The Fluorapatite crystals display bright orange fluorescence in the presence of UVA light. |
A splendid fluorapatite specimen!
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 26, 2021 18:07 Post subject: Re: Silvia's Collection - Schorl/Dravite Panasqueira |
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| am mizunaka wrote: | | silvia wrote: | | Glassy green tabular Fluorapatite crystals to 2 cm in size on a base of fine needle like crystals of Schorl-Dravite (confirmed) and crystals of brassy Marcasite-Arsenopyrite to 1 cm. Quartz is also present. The rear of the specimen contains microcrystals of Dolomite. The Fluorapatite crystals display bright orange fluorescence in the presence of UVA light. |
A splendid fluorapatite specimen! |
Many thanks AM, it is very encouraging to get positive feedback
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silvia
Joined: 10 Oct 2021
Posts: 60
Location: UK
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| Posted: Oct 26, 2021 18:16 Post subject: Fluorite Panasqueira style - Silvia's Collection |
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Lustrous bluish purple translucent crystals of Fluorite to 1.5 cm in size on a matrix containing micro crystals of Pyrite, small green crystals of Fluorapatite, and Siderite. The Fluorapatite crystals show a bright orange fluorescence in the presence of UVA light
| Mineral: | Fluorite, Pyrite, Siderite, Fluorapatite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 8 cm x 6 cm x 4 cm |
| Description: |
| Fluorite in collector quality specimens is not too common at Panasqueira, but a representative sample must be included in all collections of Panasqueira minerals |
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| Viewed: |
2089 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorite, Pyrite, Siderite, Fluorapatite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 8 cm x 6 cm x 4 cm |
| Description: |
| Detail of the Fluorite crystals |
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| Viewed: |
2088 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorite, Siderite, Pyrite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 8 cm x 6 cm x 4 cm |
| Description: |
| Detail of Fluorite and Siderite |
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| Viewed: |
2089 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorite, Pyrite, Siderite, Fluorapatite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 8 cm x 6 cm x 4 cm |
| Description: |
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| Viewed: |
2089 Time(s) |
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| Mineral: | Fluorite, Pyrite, Siderite, Fluorapatite |
| Locality: | | Minas da Panasqueira, Aldeia de São Francisco de Assis, Covilhã, Castelo Branco, Cova da Beira, Centro, Portugal | |
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| Dimensions: | 8 cm x 6 cm x 4 cm |
| Description: |
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| Viewed: |
2088 Time(s) |
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Tobi
Site Admin
Joined: 07 Apr 2009
Posts: 3717
Location: Good Old Germany
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| Posted: Oct 27, 2021 05:55 Post subject: Re: Fluorite Panasqueira style - Silvia's Collection |
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| silvia wrote: | | Fluorite in collector quality specimens is not too common at Panasqueira, but a representative sample must be included in all collections of Panasqueira minerals |
That's right, not too common. The more I like this sample, the fluorites are well developed with an interesting structure (kind of intergrown cuboctahedral crystals?) and have a wonderful dark blue colour in contrast with the associated minerals. Panasqueira is not a main focus of mine but I like the minerals from that deposit - especially when they are combined in such a colourful piece!
Regards
Tobi
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